Germany Before and After Consolidation
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1789 Southwest Germany Before Consolidation 1871 After Consolidation
When Hans Georg Rohrbach (1732) and Johannes Palm (1750) came to America, Germany was very fragmented. You can see many colors representing many types of areas. This was independence or local rule run amuck.

There were cities deemed imperial cities (I.C.) by certain emperors. They are shown in red in the map. Heilbronn is one and it is highlighted by a white circle. The large lavender area is the Duchy of Wurttemberg.

A duke or duchess would have influence over a duchy as would a bishop over a bishopric (see medium purple areas), a lord over a lordship (see yellow areas), an abbot or abbess over an abbey, and a prior over a priory.

The areas in green were ruled by secular princes of the Holy Roman Empire known as counts. Such a leader was called Count Palatine.

The darker purple areas were "teutonic order" (T.O.) lands - where a vassal was granted use of the land by his lord because of his fealty and support.
Alsace-Lorraine was part of Germany for a short period. Below you can see it became part of France.
Here is Germany in 1990. The red dot is Munich. The bluish-green dot is Heilbronn.
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